Different types of battery systems
A suitable simulation model
BaSiS offers a suitable battery simulation for your system and your challenges. The BaSiS models offered take the special properties and functional principles of different battery systems into account.
Find the solution here that suits you best:

Lithium-ion batteries

Lead-acid batteries

Supercapacitors

Fuel cells/Electrolyzers

Metallic batteries
Use the comprehensive BaSiS solution for your individual user-oriented battery simulation.
BaSiS is a fast, real-time capable and precise simulation environment for electrochemical storage systems. It shows all dynamic processes and aging effects and supports our customers in making the operation of their storage systems more reliable, robust, durable, and efficient.
As an all-in-one solution, BaSiS provides the necessary software environment and the parameter sets for the simulation of battery systems as well as their internal and external interactions.
Battery simulations by BaSiS can be used directly in your development and test environment, enabling you to improve and accelerate your development cycles while optimizing costs.
BaSiS has been successfully used for years in the development, testing, and optimization of cells, batteries, packs, components and management systems in the field of mobile devices as well as in automotive, plant, and aerospace engineering, including in the simulation of traction batteries.
Advantages
Adjustable accuracy and computing speed across the entire operating range
All-in-one solution – consisting of software and the associated parameter set
Simulation of all operating states, aging effects, and short-term dynamic processes
Prediction of terminal behavior
Real-time capability: used in hardware-in-the loop test benches
Detailed insights into the battery’s internal processes
Testing of state detection algorithms for control and monitoring systems, e.g. battery management systems
Assessments ranging from cells to systems in development and construction
Complete individual parameterization of cells based on a datasheet and three individual cells
Availability of all cell parameters
Available on all common operating systems
Applications of battery simulators
BaSiS has been successfully used in (inter)national industrial applications for more than 25 years and proves its worth in the sustainable development of robust battery systems on a daily basis.
Battery simulators are used in various areas, such as in the automotive industry, medical engineering, various battery systems in general, as well as sector-specific test benches.

Automotive industry

Battery systems

Medical engineering

Test benches
Optimized product lifecycle
The comprehensive services offered by BaSiS allow you to optimize the development of your battery system throughout the entire product lifecycle.

Design | Development: Faster and more cost-effective development of your battery systems
Testing | Quality assurance: Use of the battery simulation for test systems
Operation | Service: Advance modeling and testing for more reliability in operation
Recycling | Lifetime: Information about the end of the product lifecycle of your battery even before it is reached
Three simple steps
Once you have received your individual parameter set and BaSiS, you have all important data and practical tools to obtain meaningful and comprehensive simulation results for your battery.
Do not hesitate to consult our experts for battery simulation and battery emulation!
The Battery Simulation Studio saves you time-consuming measurement series, accelerating development processes of batteries and battery systems.
Additional Services
Advice and parameter determination
More than 15 years of expertise enables us to provide you with comprehensive advice concerning the various modeling approaches, areas of application, and the associated parameterization for your specific application.
Determination of aging and performance data sets
Characterization in the frequency and time domain
Long-term studies on battery aging
Specific adaptation to the customer’s battery
Software adaptation
We offer you individual software adaptations to our model to integrate our battery models into your specific simulation or test environment.
System integration into development and hardware-in-the-loop environments
Interface enhancements and database adaptations
Adaptations to visualization and user guidance
Quantification of aging processes
Solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) growth
Electrolyte oxidation
Gas evolution
Loss of active electrode material
Mapping of many years within hours
Lithium plating
Seminars and workshops
You would like to offer your team qualified advanced training in the simulation and emulation of batteries and their use in real practical applications? Get in touch with us and we will customize the seminar to your desired subject areas, your team’s previous knowledge and your goals.
Contract simulations
Workshops, training material
Cooperation and licensing models
Partner program
This is how battery simulation works
What is battery simulation?
Battery simulation is used to model a battery’s electrical behavior in a virtual environment. This makes it possible to study the battery performance without requiring a real battery. The simulation allows for predicting a battery’s behavior under different conditions, contributing to improving the battery’s design and extending its life.
How is the optimum battery simulation developed?
To enable optimum modeling of a system in the battery simulation, the appropriate modeling approach and the acceptable model simplifications need to be selected. In this process, optimum alignment to the requirements of the specific objective and the respective system is crucial. In addition, cost-benefit considerations may also play a role.
After choosing the appropriate approach, the challenges in developing the optimum battery simulator are model development, testing, implementation and parameterization.
What does a battery simulation model comprise?
- Equations or systems of equations
- Input parameters (e.g. current and ambient temperature) and output parameters (e.g. voltage) that are calculated based on the underlying equations and the current state of the battery (e.g. SOC)
- Parameters that differ for the specific batteries – parameters can be provided in the form of characteristics to update them during the battery simulation, for example according to temperature, or the physical processes are depicted
In the white-box approach, the physical or electrochemical processes in a battery are simulated using partial differential equations, with each model parameter having a physical meaning. This makes it possible to gain insights into the systems of the battery that would not be possible without a simulation model.
The development of such a model requires a profound understanding of the energy storage system.
The BaSiS models have been developed based on the white-box approach.
- describes the non-linear battery behavior across the entire operating range
- typically more computationally intensive than other approaches
In the gray-box battery simulation approach, which is typically implemented in the form of an equivalent electrical circuit diagram, only some of the model parameters have a physical meaning.
- high computing speed
- does not allow any insights into the battery system
- only describes the strongly non-linear battery behavior at a certain operating point rather than across the battery’s entire operating range (SOH, SOC, current, temperature)
In the black-box approach, the battery simulation requires virtually no information about the system to be modeled. Instead, relatively comprehensive and time-consuming measurements in the laboratory are required for parameterization to obtain good simulation results.
These models are currently used relatively rarely in battery simulation.
- high computing speed
- does not allow any insights into the system, preventing a more in-depth understanding of the battery
Contact
Dipl.-Ing. Philipp Brosche
Hardware-in-the-Loop Systems
+ 49 561 7294-293
philipp.brosche@iee.fraunhofer.de
Fraunhofer IEE
Joseph-Beuys-Straße 8
34117 Kassel

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